Medicinal plants are abundant in Myanmar. Most of people use the traditional medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases. The study of Traditional Medicinal plants and their therapeutics play a very important role in health care system of Myanmar because 70 % of its population is in the rural area and they have been using traditional medicine for centuries. Myanmar traditional practitioners use a variety of medicine mostly containing potent medicinal plants available in Myanmar, to cure various diseases depending on their own nature and localities. Calotropis gigantea R. Br., a widely growing plant, possesses number of medicinal properties. This research focused on the use of Myanmar Indigenous Medicine of the leaves of Calotropis gigantea R.Br. in Ayeyarwady Region, socio economic and environmental impact, and the investigation of some phytoconstituents and bioactivities.