An intrauterine device used by more than 150 millions of women worldwide is one of the most efficient methods of contraception. The aim of the study is to compare the genital tract microbial flora of women prior to and after insertion of IUCD and to find out the relation of microbial flora of removed IUCDs with duration of its use. The study included 40 women who came for IUCD insertion and 80 IUCD users who came for follow up and/or removal of IUCD. High vaginal swabs, endocervical swabs and IUCDs were collected and subjected to Gram staining. Aerobic, anaerobic and fungal culture were done and interpreted according to standard microbiological procedures and methods.